What is a Mammogram?

A mammogram is a breast imaging test that uses a safe, low-dose X-ray. It can show changes in breast tissue, including early signs of cancer that your doctor can’t find during a clinical breast exam. A clinical breast exam (CBE) is a physical exam of the breast done by a healthcare provider to check for lumps or other changes.

Mammograms remain the best screening tool for breast cancer early detection. New 3D mammograms are more accurate and can increase cancer detection by 30 to 40 percent. A 3D mammogram takes the same amount of time and uses the same low level of radiation as 2D mammograms. Most imaging centers offer 3D mammograms as the standard of care.

When Should I Get My First Mammogram?

Most women at average risk should get a mammogram every year starting at age 40. If you are at increased risk of developing breast cancer due to family history, genetics or other risk factors, you may need earlier screening. Talk to your primary care provider about when and how often you should get a mammogram.

Types of Mammograms

There are different types of mammograms based on if you are having certain symptoms. Types of mammograms are:

• Screening mammogram. This type of mammogram is recommended yearly to look for signs of breast cancer before you experience symptoms.
• Diagnostic mammogram. If you have symptoms, or another test shows signs of abnormal breast tissue, this type of mammogram allows the radiologists to focus more closely on the area of concern.

How Long Does a Mammogram Take?

Your test will take about 20 minutes. You can leave the imaging center when the mammogram is over and resume normal activities. A follow up report is sent to you and your doctor.

Know the Risk Factors

There are several factors that can put you at a higher risk for breast cancer, including:

• A gene mutation, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2
• Having one or more first-degree female relatives with premenopausal breast cancer
• Unhealthy diet or a lack of regular exercise
• Extended hormone exposure due to early menstrual periods or delayed menopause.